A Trip
Every year New Zealanders living in London can be seen loading up Kombi vans and heading off to experience the “classic European holiday”. The trip usually starts in the north of France, after crossing the channel from Dover in England to Calais, driving down through France, over the Pyrenees into Spain, west into Portugal and then across the Continent to Italy and often beyond.
There are numerous reasons young New Zealanders take this rite of passage-as well as seeing all the fantastic sights and tasting the delights of Europe's food and wine, it's relatively inexpensive. The Kombi is transport and accommodation all in one, cutting down significantly on costs.
There is just one problem. As the Kombis become “antique”, these trips are usually punctuated with numerous roadside sessions as the van sits idle, in no hurr医学全在线www.med126.comy to start, while you swelter in the hot sun. But do not let this deter you. Travelling Europe in your own vehicle means no public transport schedules to cramp your style, the ability to explore the quaint, off-the-beaten-track villages where the “real” locals live, freedom to not have to book accommodation in advance--you can nearly always get a campsite and can load your vehicle with cheap, fantastic regional wines and souvenirs. With these bonuses in mind, here are some suggestions for planning the great Europe road adventure. The key to a pleasurable driving experience is a good navigator and a driver with a cool head. If you do not feel relaxed driving around New Zealand's cities and highways, then you probably will not enjoy driving around Europe. As copilot to the driver, you need to read (and understand) maps, look out for turn-offs-and keep the music playing. Language is not a big problem once a few essential terms are mastered. The biggest challenge is in the cities, where traffic can be chaotic and elaborate one-way systems and narrow, cobbled alleyways can make finding your destination hard work. It can be easier to leave the vehicle on the outskirts of town or in a camping ground and use public transport. This also avoids paying for costly parking.
36According to the passage, the trip usually starts in __________.
A France
B England
C Spain
D Italy
37The underlined word “Kombi” (Para. 1) most probably means “__________ ”.
A the name of the trip
B the friend going with you
C the brand of the van
D the name of a hotel
38In the sentence “it's relatively inexpensive.” (Para.2), “it” most probably refers __________.
A the trip
B the transportation
C the accommodation
D the food and wine
39What is the biggest trouble? __________
A The Kombis become too old.
B Language.
C People may not enjoy the driving experience.
D Finding one's destination is hard for the busy traffic in cities.
40What is the nationality of the target readers? __________
A New Zealand.医学全在线www.med126.com
B England.
C France.
D Spain.
第三篇
Hack
The first big-name hackers include Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds, all now highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today. These early hackers had a love of technology and a compelling need to know how it all worked, and their goal was to push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Back then, the word “hacker” didn't have the negative connotation it has today. The original hacker ethic, rooted out of simple curiosity and a need to be challenged, appears to be dead.
The objectives of early hackers are a far cry from the goals of today's hacker. The motivation of the new breed of hackers appears not to be curiosity, or a hunger for knowledge, as it used to be. Instead, most of today's hackers are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent, treating hacking as a game or sport, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet.
The rate of security attacks is actually outpacing the growth of the Internet. This means that something besides the growth of the Internet is driving the rise in security attacks. Here are some realities you should know about: Operating systems and applications will never be secure. New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day. And even if you ever do get one operating system secure, there will be new operating systems with new vulnerabilities-phones, wireless devices, and network appliances. Employees will never keep up with security polices and awareness. It doesn't matter how much you train and educate your employees. If your employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening question-able e-mail attachments, how are you going to educate them about properly configuring fire-walls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs? Managers have more responsibility than ever. And on top of the realities listed above, security managers are being asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access. There are some good security measures you can take: Employ a layer 7, full-inspection firewall. Automatically update your 医学全在线www.med126.comanti-virus at the gateway, server and client. Keep all of your systems and applications updated. Hackers commonly break into a Web site through known security holes, so make sure your servers and applications are patched and up to date. Turn off unnecessary network services. Eliminate all unneeded programs. Scan network for common backdoor services-Use intrusion detection systems, vulnerability scans, antivirus protection.
41Which of the following statements of Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds is TRUE? __________
A They are all good examples of today's computer users.
B They are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent.
C Their goal is to push programs beyond what they are designed to do.
D They are all dead.
42The underlined word “hacker” (Para. 1) most probably means “__________ ”
A highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today
B the negative connotation of those computer users
C a game, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet
D People who break into computer systems
43Which of the following is NOT true of security attacks? __________
A Employees will keep up with security polices and awareness if they are highly-trained.
B The rate of security attacks appears faster than the growth of the Internet.
C One's computer system will never be secure.
D Vulnerabilities can go through phones, wireless devices, and network appliances.
44What is the most important one among the realities listed? __________
A New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day.
B If employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening questionable e-mail attachments, the manager should educate them about properly configuring firewalls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs.
C Managers have more responsibility than ever.
D Security managers are asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access.
45Various security measures are recommended EXCEPT __________.
A turning off network services
B employing a full-inspection firewall
C making sure that servers and applications are patched
D eliminating all unneeded programs
