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2015年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类C试题
阅读理解-第三篇
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world’s highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies. a new study suggests .These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes. .
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.
But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes or because their mothers are under-nourish-many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living tower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussain and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in bot rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz is the highest city in the world. At 3. 65 kilometer above sea level, while Santa Cruze is much lower. at 0. 44 kilometers.
Sure enough Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. "This was true in both high and low-income families.
Even babies born to poor family in Setnta Cruz were behavior on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty (地势极高的)La Paz. “We were very surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitudes are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus ( 胚胎) starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.
People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary (冠状的) heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
41 What does the new study discover?
A Babies born to wealthy families are heavier. .
B Newborns in cities are lighter than average.
C Low-altitude babies have a high risk of health disease in later life
D Women living at high altitudes tend to give birth to underweight .
42 Giussani and his team are sure that
A people living in La Paz are poor than those in Santa Cruz.
B the birthweight of babies born to wealthy families is above average.
43 It can be inferred from what Giussani says铺 Paragraph 4 that
A he was very tired. .:
B the finding was unexpected.
C the study took longer than expected.
D he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz
44 The results of the study indica:k3 the reason for the birth of underweight babies is
A lack of certain nutrition.
B poverty of their mothers. .
C reduction of oxygen levels.
D different family backgrounds.
45 It can be learnt from the last paragraph that
A underweight babies have a shorter life span.
B high-altitude babies tend to have high blood pressure in their later life. ; :
C babies born to poor families lack certain hormones before birth.
D newborns in wealthy families have larger heads compared with their bodies
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