7) 方式状语从句:
as按时(正如…/ 就象…) Air is to man as water is to fish.
要点:不要把as 与like 混淆,like是介词,不是连接词, 如不能说:All plants need air like they need water,应为:All plants need air as they need water. (所有的植物需要空气,正如他们需要水一样。)
as if / as though(好象…)可以是真实的,也可以是"虚拟"的,如:
The meat tastes as if (though) it has already gone bad.(这肉吃起来好象变质了。—— 确实坏了)
He speaks English as though (if) he were a医学全在线www.med126.comn Englishman. (他说起英语来好象英国人。—— 他不是英国人,动词用的是were)
8)目的 / 结果状语从句 目的状语从句: so that / in order that lest / for fear that (惟恐… / 一以免…) 注意:该句型一般使用"should型"虚拟式(见"第六讲")
结果状语从句: so…that / such…that…/ so that / that / so The professor speaks so fast that we find it difficult to follow him. (这位教授讲话很快,我们感到很难理解他讲话的意思。要点:so + 形容词或副词)
He give me such good advice that I finished the task smoothly. (他给了我很好的建议,因此我顺利地完成了任务。要点:such + 名词)
The film was such that everyone was deeply moved. (这部电影如此精彩,每个观众都被深深打动了。要点:such在这里做代词,可以理解为:The film is such a good film that…)
顺便提一下,"…,only to do…" 虽不属于从句,但是是一个重要的表 (意想不到的) 结果的句型,请记住, 例如:
For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only to be told to return the next day. (为这个决定我们几乎等了三个小时,可结果被告知第二天返回。)
从考试角度看,状语从句的重点是:时间、原因、条件、让步和比较 注:如前所述,本讲座不是经典语法书,有些讲法从广义上说是不完整的,甚至是不确切的,如:"逗号","不能连接两个句子"的提法,但这些概念对于理解英语的某些语法现象,特别是解题是实用的。"相信我,没错的".
(1) 原级比较:as +形容词或副词原级+ as, 否定式:not so (或as) +形容词或副词原级+ as 注意问题:as…as 之间的形容词或副词是否采用了原级;as…as 之间该医学全在线www.med126.com用形容词还是副词;用as much as 还是用as many as 表示倍数时用下面结构, 如3倍:three times as …as… 例如:
The size of the island is about ______ that of this one.
A.three times as much as B.as three times much as C.as three times greater than D.three times as big as
解题思路:B、C违反了上述句型规定,A、D的区别是size(大小 / 尺寸)是与much搭配还是与big搭配,D是对的。
(2) 比较级:more …than… 注意:
1) 比较形式是否正确,如是否有类似"more better"这样重复比较的错误;
2)两者之间是比较级,三者以上是最高级,看看是"两者"还是"三者或三者以上;
3)只有同类的人或物才能比较(可比性);比较不能包括"自己", 常用other表示排除。
例如不能说: He is taller than any students in this class.
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